What do the scholars and muftis of the mighty Shari’ah say regarding this matter, which type of supplication can we not make for a disbeliever and which type of supplication can we make for a disbeliever?
Questioner: Shahid from Luton
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
الجواب بعون الملک الوھاب اللھم ھدایۃ الحق والصواب
We absolutely cannot supplicate for the forgiveness and salvation of a disbeliever and there is no problem in supplicating for the guidance of a disbeliever [to Islām]. Just as it is stated in al-Fatāwā al-Hindiyyah,
“وَلَا يَدْعُو لِلذِّمِّيِّ بِالْمَغْفِرَةِ وَلَوْ دَعَا لَهُ بِالْهُدَى جَازَ لِأَنَّهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِ قَوْمِي فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ كَذَا فِي التَّبْيِينِ“
“One should not supplicate for the forgiveness of a non-Muslim citizen (dhimmī), and if one supplicated for his guidance then that is permissible because the Prophet ﷻ supplicated, ‘O Allāh, guide my people because they do not know’, it is mentioned as such in al-Tabyīn.”
[al-Fatāwā al-Hindiyyah, vol 5, pg 348]
Sayyidunā Tufayl ibn ‘Amr al-Dawsī (may Allāh be pleased with him) complained about his people and said, “O Messenger of Allāh ﷻ supplicate against Daws”, so the Noble Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم supplicated,
“اللّٰھم اھد دَوساً وآت بھم”
“O Allāh, guide Daws and bring them to me.”
[Sahīh al-Bukhārī, vol 2, pg 291, Hadīth 2937]
Similarly, many Muslims were martyred by the rocks hurled at them by Thaqīf. The Sahābah (may Allāh be pleased with them all) asked that the Prophet ﷻ supplicate against them but the Noble Prophet ﷻ supplicated,
“اَللّٰھُمَّ اھْدِ ثَقِیْفاً”
“O Allāh, guide Thaqīf.”
[Sunan al-Tirmidhī, vol 5, pg 492, Hadīth 3968]
واللہ تعالی اعلم ورسولہ اعلم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم
کتبہ ابو الحسن محمد قاسم ضیاء قادری
Answered by Mufti Qasim Zia al-Qadri
Translated by Mawlana Ibrar Shafi
